Explanation

 The most commonly cited answer to the question of the essence of humanity is Ethics.

Many philosophers and thinkers, like Hegel, have argued that ethics, or the study of moral values, is fundamental to being human.

It guides our actions, our relationships with others, and our sense of self. 

Explanation

In the Islamic state system, non-Muslim minorities are given equal civic rights and protection.

They are allowed to practice their religion freely.

They are safeguarded under Islamic law.

Explanation

 The theory of justice based on the principle "Kill the sin, not the sinner" is the reformative theory of punishment.

This theory, also known as rehabilitative sentencing, focuses on reforming criminals rather than solely punishing them. 

Explanation

 In the sense that other rights are dependent on them, Civil and Political Rights

They are considered more fundamental as they provide the foundation for the enjoyment of other rights, including economic, social, and cultural rights. 

Explanation