Explanation
NOTE: The question has 4 parts each part of the question contains 5 marks
Question: (a) What is the difference between fog and smog? What are the causes of smog and its effects
on human health? Write a short note on one of the latest technologies to eliminate smog and avoid atmospheric pollution. (5)
Difference between Fog and Smog:
Fog is a natural weather phenomenon caused by condensed water vapor, while smog is a type of air pollution formed from pollutants, mainly from vehicles and industry.
Causes of Smog:
Smog is caused by emissions from vehicles, factories,
Effects on Human Health:
Smog can cause respiratory issues, eye irritation
Latest Technology to Eliminate Smog:
Photocatalytic materials, such as titanium dioxide coatings
*
(b)What is the role of oxygen-demanding wastes in water pollution? How it can be prevented? (5)
Role in Water Pollution:
Oxygen-demanding wastes, like organic matter from sewage, agricultural runoff, and industrial discharge, consume oxygen in water as they decompose.
Prevention:
Reducing pollution sources by treating wastewater, promoting sustainable agriculture
*
(c)What is the biosphere? Write a note on the ‘Energy Resources’ available in the biosphere. (5)
The biosphere is the global ecological system that includes all living organisms and their interactions with the Earth's atmosphere, land, and water. Energy resources in the biosphere include solar energy, wind, water, and biomass, which are vital for sustaining life and ecosystems.
*
(d)What are the different layers of the atmosphere? On what basis these layers are classified? In
which layer ‘Auroras’ are formed and where do satellites orbit?
(5)
The atmosphere consists of five layers: the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere, classified based on temperature gradients and altitude.
Auroras form in the thermosphere, while satellites typically orbit in the exosphere.
