The Nobel Peace Prize 2019 was awarded to Abiy Ahmed Ali "for his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, and in particular for his decisive initiative to resolve the border conflict with neighbouring Eritrea."

The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”.

When it was announced that Boris Pasternak had been awarded the 1958 Nobel Prize, he was forced to decline it at the behest of Soviet authorities, who had banned Doctor Zhivago.

Mohamed Anwar al-Sadat

The Nobel Peace Prize 1978

Born: 25 December 1918, Mit Abu al-Kawm, Egypt

Died: 6 October 1981, Cairo, Egypt

Only one woman, Marie Curie, has been honoured twice, with the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics and the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

51 women in total have been awarded the Nobel Prize between 1901 and 2018