Explanation

Carbohydrates provide the quickest source of energy for athletes.

As they are rapidly broken down into glucose, which fuels muscles during physical activity.

This makes them ideal for boosting performance and stamina.

Explanation

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacterium commonly used to introduce foreign genes into plants, creating transgenic plants like golden rice.

It naturally transfers DNA into plant genomes.

Explanation

The statement that Cycas have vessel elements in their xylem is incorrect.

Cycas, like other gymnosperms, do not have vessel elements; instead, they have tracheids for water conduction.

Vessel elements are a characteristic of angiosperms (flowering plants).

Cycas are gymnosperms and produce seeds, but they do not form flowers, and their leaves are typically pinnately compound.

Explanation

Gymnosperms are plants with "naked seeds," meaning their seeds are not enclosed within a fruit.

This group includes conifers like pine trees.

Explanation

Divergent evolution occurs when two or more species evolve from a common ancestor and adapt to different ecological niches, leading to increased differences between them over time.

Explanation

Pneumatophores are specialized aerial roots found in mangrove species.

In some species, these roots are pencil-sized and peg whereas in some other species, they look like a knee.

These roots have numerous pores through which oxygen enters the underground tissues

Explanation

Inflorescence: raceme-like. Flower: calyx 2--3 mm; corolla 10 mm wide,

white, lobes deep; anthers 1.4--2.2 mm; style 3--5 mm. Fruit: 6--8 mm, black. Seed: 1.5--2.5 mm.

Explanation

Plants in the Solanaceae family have an obligately superior ovary.

In the Solanaceae family, the ovary is oblique in position due to the tilting of posterior carpels to the right and anterior carpels to the left at an angle of 45 degrees.

The ovary is superior, bilocular with many ovules on swollen axile placentation.

Explanation

The Solanaceae family (e.g., tomatoes, peppers) typically produces berries.

Explanation

Sieve tubes and companion cells are absent in the phloem of pteridophytes.