Explanation

Sound is a form of mechanical energy that is produced by vibrations or oscillations of particles in a medium, such as air, water, or solids.

When an object vibrates, it creates a disturbance in the medium around it, causing the particles to oscillate back and forth.

This oscillation, or wave motion, is what we perceive as sound.

Explanation

Oscillations are damped due to the presence of frictional force.

Frictional force opposes motion and converts some of the kinetic energy into heat energy, causing the oscillations to decay over time.

There are three main types of frictional force that can cause damping:

• Viscous damping (e.g., air resistance, water resistance)
• Coulomb damping (e.g., friction between surfaces)
• Internal damping (e.g., within the material itself)

Explanation

In the ball and bowl system, the mean position (also known as the equilibrium position) is at the center of the bowl.

This is the position where the ball comes to rest when it is not disturbed.

Explanation

In an oscillating pendulum, the bob accelerates from its extreme position due to the gravitational force acting on it.

The gravitational force pulls the bob towards the equilibrium position, causing it to accelerate.

Explanation

In simple harmonic motion (SHM), the object's maximum speed occurs when it passes through the equilibrium point, which is the midpoint of its oscillation.

Explanation

Mass is not a characteristic of a wave.

The characteristics of a wave include:

• Amplitude (the maximum displacement of the wave from its equilibrium position)
• Period (the time taken by the wave to complete one oscillation)
• Velocity (the speed at which the wave travels)
• Wavelength (the distance between two consecutive points on the wave that are in phase)
• Frequency (the number of oscillations per unit time)

Explanation

When water waves pass from a deep region to a shallow region, they are refracted, which means they change direction.

The speed and wavelength of the waves also change, but the frequency remains constant.

Explanation

• The nucleus is the central part of an atom that contains the majority of its mass and is made up of protons and neutrons.
• The nucleus is the dense, positively charged region at the center of the atom.
• It is where the majority of the atom's mass is concentrated.

Explanation

The correct option will be 2 milliamperes ( according to the NTS answer key).

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In reality, 2 mA typically causes a mild tingling sensation or a slight shock, but it is not enough to cause severe injury or put someone into a coma.

For a current to potentially cause a coma, it usually needs to be in the range of 50 to 100 mA.